GOVERNOR GENERAL AND VICEROY FULL DETAIL
A governor is, in most cases, a public official with the power to govern the executive branch of a non-sovereign or sub-national level of government, ranking under the head of state. In federations, the governor may be the title of a politician who governs a constituent state and may either be appointed or elected. The power of the individual governor can vary dramatically between political systems, with some governors having only nominal or largely ceremonial power, while others have a complete control over the entire government.
Historically, the title may also apply to executive officers acting as representatives of a chartered company, which has been granted a sovereignty in a colonial area, such as the British East India Company or the Dutch East India Company. These companies operate as a major state within its own armed forces.
There are also non-political governors: high-ranking officers in private and similar governance such as commercial and non-profit management, styled governor (s), who simply govern a institution, such as a corporation or a bank For example, in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries, there are prison governors ("wardens" in the United States), school governors and bank governors.
The adjective is related to a governor, from the Latin root gubernare. [1] The historical female form is governess, though female officials are referred to by the gender-neutral form governor (without the gender specific suffix) of the term for avoid confusion with other meanings of the term.
In the United States, the title "Governor" refers to the chief executive of each state or insular territory. Governors retain sovereign police power, are not subordinate to the federal authorities, by the enumerated powers section of the federal constitution, and service as the political and ceremonial head of the state. Nearly three-fourths of the states (36) hold gubernatorial elections in the same years as midterm elections (2 years off set from presidential elections). Eleven states hold them in the same year as presidential elections (Vermont and New Hampshire hold elections every evenly numbered year in every two years), while the remaining five were numbered years in the odd numbered years (two in a presidential election after the year, three in the year before).
In colonial North America, governors were selected in a variety of ways, In the crown colonies of Great Britain, France, and Spain, the governor was elected by the ruling monarch of the colonizing power, or his designees; in British colonies, The Board of Trade Colonies based on a corporate charter, such as the Connecticut Colony and the Massachusetts Bay Colony, elected their own governors based on spell out in the charter or other colonial legislation. In proprietary colonies, such as the Province of Carolina before it became a crown colony (and divided into North and South), the governors elected by the Lords proprietor, who formed the colony. In the early years of the American Revolutionary War, eleven of the Thirteen Colonies evicted (with varying levels of violence) royal and proprietary governors. The other two colonies (Connecticut and Rhode Island) had corporate charts; Connecticut Governor Jonathan Trumbull was governed before and during the war period, while in the Rhode Island, Governor Joseph Wanton was removed from office in 1775 for failing to support the rebel war effort.
Before achieving statehood Administered by the federal government, they had governors who were appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate.
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